Buddhism in India – a universal truth ‘to liberate all beings from suffering’. The Persian Empire – a universal political order ‘for the benefit of all humans’. 2,500 Invention of coinage – a universal money. 4,250 First empire – the Akkadian Empire of Sargon. Homo sapiens the only surviving human species. 30,000 Extinction of Neanderthals.ġ6,000 Sapiens settle America. 200,000 Homo sapiens evolves in East Africa. 500,000 Neanderthals evolve in Europe and the Middle East. Evolution of different human million species. million 2 Humans spread from Africa to Eurasia. million 2.5 Evolution of the genus Homo in Africa. billion 6 Last common grandmother of humans and chimpanzees. Timeline of History Years Before the Present 13.5 Matter and energy appear. In loving memory of my father, Shlomo HarariĬontents Cover Title Page Copyright Dedication Timeline of History Part One The Cognitive Revolution 1 An Animal of No Significance 2 The Tree of Knowledge 3 A Day in the Life of Adam and Eve 4 The Flood Part Two The Agricultural Revolution 5 History’s Biggest Fraud 6 Building Pyramids 7 Memory Overload 8 There is No Justice in History Part Three The Unification of Humankind 9 The Arrow of History 10 The Scent of Money 11 Imperial Visions 12 The Law of Religion 13 The Secret of Success Part Four The Scientific Revolution 14 The Discovery of Ignorance 15 The Marriage of Science and Empire 16 The Capitalist Creed 17 The Wheels of Industryġ8 A Permanent Revolution 19 And They Lived Happily Ever After 20 The End of Homo Sapiens Afterword: The Animal that Became a God Notes Acknowledgements Image credits CB25.H37 2014 909 C2014-904589-1 C2014-904590-5 Jacket design © Suzanne Dean Picture research by Caroline Wood Maps by Neil Gower McClelland & Stewart, a division of Random House of Canada Limited, a Penguin Random House Company v3.1 Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Harari, Yuval N., author Sapiens : a brief history of humankind / Yuval Noah Harari. The use of any part of this publication reproduced, transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, or stored in a retrieval system, without the prior written consent of the publisher – or, in case of photocopying or other reprographic copying, a licence from the Canadian Copyright Licensing Agency – is an infringement of the copyright law. English translation copyright © 2014 by Yuval Noah Harari Cloth edition published 2014 Published simultaneously in the United Kingdom by Harvill Secker First published in Hebrew in Israel in 2011 by Kinneret, Zmora-Bitan, Dvir Signal Books is an imprint of McClelland & Stewart, a division of Random House of Canada Limited, a Penguin Random House Company All rights reserved.
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